012AD07214

Bread Oven View of the oven base from the north-east

Phasing

There is little doubt that this is a Roman feature, notwithsanding the fact that a single Anglian sherd was also found. This is almost certainly an intrusive sherd from the Grubenhaus 012AD07060.

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram
 
  012AD05559       012AD05473           
                     
  012AD05560       012AD05474           
                     Grubenhaus
                     Master
                     012AD07060
                     
                     
                     
              012AD05497       
                     
  012AD05496   012AD00679  =  012AD05466  =  012AD05498       
                012AD07214    
                     

Discussion

A compact stone setting which has been interpreted as a bread oven. Three distinct concentrations of stone were observed, cut by pit 012AD05474 and Grubenhaus 012AD07060. The compostion of the settings was unusual, in that as well as the more usual chalk blocks, both limestone and broken quernstones were used in the constuction of the structure. It is not known whether setting 012AD05496 is directly related to the other two, although the composition of the stone is similar, in that quernstone material was used. No finds were recovered from the actual settings, only from the material directly above the stones, which was a dark (Munsell 10YR 3/3) sandy clay loam. The finds were almost exclusively late Roman in date, although one Anglian sherd was recovered.

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

MASTER FILL VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
012AD07214 012AD00679   32 3  
  012AD05466   0 0  
  012AD05497   23 3  
  012AD05498   0 0  

012AD00679 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID PERIOD MATERIAL No
012AD00679 Unassigned CHARCOAL
1
  4TH CENTURY POTTERY
27
  ANGLIAN POTTERY
1
  ROMAN POTTERY
1
  Unassigned POTTERY
2

012AD05497 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID PERIOD MATERIAL No
012AD05497 4TH CENTURY POTTERY
20
  ROMAN POTTERY
3

Context Details

Master 012AD07214


 
KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD00679 FOOTING COMPLEX
120
109
12
 FLAT PROBABLE WALL FOOTING UNDER CLEANING SPIT 590. SOME FLINT BLOCKS 37*30CMS. AVERAGE SIZE 20*10 CMS FOR CHALK BLOCKS. RECORDED IN MORE DETAIL UNDER 5466
012AD05466 STONE SETTING UNCLEAR
150
110
   IRREGULAR NONDESCRIPT STONE SETTING ORIGINALLY RECORDED AS 679. POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED TO OVEN/KILN 5498. COMPOSED OF LARGE CHALK AND FLINT BOULDERS OF 30CM+ DIAM
012AD05497 UNDEFINED FILL OVATE
140
110
22
 U-SHAPED FILL OF OVEN. SILTY MATRIX WITH ASHY INCLUSION AND 5% CHALK. DAUB AND CHARCOAL INCLUSIONS. BONE BY CTXT.
012AD05498 STONE HEARTH OVATE
140
110
13
 IRREGULAR STONE OVEN. CONSISTS OF BASE AND PART OF WALL COMPOSED OF CHALK QUERN AND L/STONE BLOCKS UP TO 43CM DIAMETER. WALL IS 1 COURSE HIGH.

012AD05496 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05496 STONE SETTING UNCLEAR
260
155
15
 IRREGULAR STONE SPREAD CONSISTING OF CHALK BOULDERS 30CM+ DIAMETER AND QUERN MATERIAL. BONE BY CTXT.

Objects

KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS
012AD00679 BA   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE    
012AD00679 AZ 2-4C POTTERY SHERD    
012AD00679 AA 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AB 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AC 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JCUR ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AF 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AG 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AJ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AK 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AM 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AO 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AP 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AQ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AR 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AS 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AV 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AW 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AX 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AY 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 BB 3-4C POTTERY SHERD    
012AD00679 BC 3-4C POTTERY SHERDS    
012AD00679 BD 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 BE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 BF 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AD 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AI 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AL 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AN 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AT 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AU 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD00679 AH ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERDS   ANGLIAN II
KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS
012AD05497 AB 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AD 3-4C POTTERY SHERD    
012AD05497 AE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JB ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AF 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AG 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J  
012AD05497 AH 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AI 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AJ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JLH? ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AK 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AL 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AM 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AN 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AO 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AP 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AQ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AR 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AS 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AT 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JBL ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AU 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AV 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AW 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AA 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
012AD05497 AC 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN?  

Animal Bones

KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
012AD00679 Deer spp. Antler 1
0
 0 0 0
012AD00679 Pig M/T P 1
0
 0 0 0
012AD00679 Sheep/Goat LM3 1
0
 0 0 0
KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
012AD05497 Cattle Phalanx 2 1
0
 0 0 0
012AD05497 Cattle Phalanx 3 1
0
 0 0 0
012AD05497 Sheep/Goat Tibia br 1
0
 0 0 0