012AD07057

Grubenhaus


 
Grubenhaus Details
Length 530 Width 430 Depth 37 Ratio 1.2:1
Area  20.20 sq. m Volume
Number of Posts 6
Highest Elevation Value  6831
Lowest Elevation Value 6794
Bearing   77 degrees
Structural Class
Material Culture Number of Objects 64 Number of Animal Bones 115
Environmental 

Phasing

The feature contained the usual mix of dateable material, however, the find of a silver porcupine sceatta in the final fill places the infilling of the feature in the Middle Saxon period.

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

Discussion

A large NE/SW aligned Grubenhaus in the west of area 12AD. The feature lay to the east and west of possible structures 012AD07058 and 012AD07031, respectively. The north side of the structure cut through ditch 012AD05026 and pit 012AD05286. The west side of the structure was cut by north/south ditch 012AD05148. Relationships with ditch 012AD08905 and pit 012AD05050 on the south side were not established during excavation. Due to the complexity of features in this area, the structure was issued with three cut numbers to aid excavation (012AD05246, 012AD05262 and 012AD05464).

Two opposing post holes in the east (012AD05396) and west (012AD05346) sides were recovered. A further two post holes in the north side (012AD05308 and 012AD05310) and two stakeholes in the north/west corner (012AD05348 and 012AD05350) were also present in the base of the structure. A shallow feature at 37cm deep, the structure contained three visible fills. The primary fills were a dark, sandy layer (012AD05393, equal to 012AD05465) and an ashy/charcoal-rich layer (012AD05305). The final fill was issued with three context numbers (012AD05245, 012AD05261 and 012AD05463).

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

MASTER CUT FILLS VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
 012AD07057
012AD05246
012AD05245
   19 33  
 
= 012AD05262
012AD05261
   30 52  
 
= 012AD05464
012AD05305
   3 5  
   
012AD05393
        
   
012AD05463
   8 21  
   
012AD05465
   2 1  
 
012AD05308
012AD05307
     1  
 
012AD05310
012AD05309
        
 
012AD05346
012AD05345
   2 2  
 
012AD05348
012AD05347
        
 
012AD05350
012AD05349
        
 
012AD05396
012AD05395
        

Object Totals by Material

012AD05245 Object Totals by Material

012AD05245 Charcoal 1              
  Daub 1              
  Iron 4              
  Pottery 5 of which 4th Century 3 Anglian 1 No Entry 1
  Stone 7              
  Unfired Clay 1              

012AD05261 Object Totals by Material

012AD05261 Charcoal 1              
  Daub 4              
  Iron 1              
  Pottery 8 of which 4th Century 3 Roman 3 No Entry 2
  Silver Alloy 1              
  Stone 11              
  Unfired Clay 3              
  Utilised Stone 1              

012AD05305 Object Totals by Material

012AD05305 Iron 1          
  Pottery 2 of which ?Roman 1 4th Century 1

012AD05345 Object Totals by Material

012AD05345 Charcoal 1  
  Pottery 1 4th Century

012AD05463 Object Totals by Material

012AD05463 Daub 1              
  Pottery 5 of which ?Roman 1 4th Century 1 Roman 3
  Slag 1              
  Worked Stone 1              

012AD05465 Object Totals by Material

012AD05465 Pottery 2 of which 4th Century 1 Anglian 1

012AD05245 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05245 Cattle
6
  Domestic fowl
2
  Domestic goose
1
  Horse
1
  Pig
4
  Sheep
4
  Sheep/Goat
11
  Wild/domestic goose
4

012AD05261 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05261 Cattle
20
Domestic fowl
1
Horse
3
Pig
10
Sheep
7
Sheep/Goat
10
Wild/domestic goose
1

012AD05305 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05305 Cattle
2
Sheep
1
Sheep/Goat
2

012AD05307 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05307 Sheep/Goat
1

012AD05345 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05345 Cattle
1
Sheep
1

012AD05463 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES No
012AD05463 Cattle
3
Domestic fowl
2
Domestic goose
2
Duck spp.
1
Horse
2
Pig
2
Sheep
2
Sheep/Goat
6
Wild/domestic goose
1

012AD05465 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID SPECIES
No
012AD05465 Cattle
1

Structural Details

012AD05246 ( = 012AD05262 and 012AD05464) Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05245 GRUB FILL SUB-RECTANGULAR
220
75
29
 U-SHAPED NUMBER ISSUED INITIALLY TO SUSPECTED DITCH BUT ACTUALLY GRUB FILL. SEE 5261.
012AD05246 GRUB CUT SUB-RECTANGULAR
220
75
29
 FLAT BASED U NUMBER ISSUED INITIALLY TO SUSPECTED DITCH BUT ACTUALLY GRUB CUT. SEE 5262.
012AD05261 GRUB FILL SUB-RECTANGULAR
540
400
37
 U-SHAPED MAIN FILL OF LARGE GRUB. FEATURE NOT RECOGNISED UNTIL PARTIALLY EXCAVATED. CONTAINED M/SAXON COIN. 5-10% CHALK WITH OCC CLUSTERS TO 20%. DAUB&C/COAL.
012AD05262 GRUB CUT SUB-RECTANGULAR
540
400
37
 UNDULATING CUT OF LARGE GRUB. FEATURE NOT RECOGNISED UNTIL PARTIALLY EXCAVATED. ROUGH CUT INTO BOTH CHALK AND SAND. CUT BY MANY PHS.
012AD05305 LAYER UNCLEAR
90
40
16
 U-SHAPED ASHY LAYER IN GRUB. BOTTOM OF LAYER IS VERY C/COALY. ISOLATED TO SOUTHERN END.
012AD05393 GRUB FILL UNCLEAR
228
177
9
 U-SHAPED PRIMARY FILL OF GRUB APPEARING IN EAST SECTION ONLY. VERY SANDY FILL APPEARING ONLY WHERE GRUB IS CUT INTO SAND. GRAVEL INCLS.
012AD05463 GRUB FILL RECTANGULAR
300
140
30
 U-SHAPED SPIT TO DEFINE EXTENT OF GRUB 5261. MOST OF THIS SPIT FILL = GRUB. 5-10% CHALK.DAUB AN C/COAL FLECKS. VERY SANDY LOAM.
012AD05464 GRUB CUT RECTANGULAR
300
140
30
 VERT.SIDE F.BASE CUT OF SPIT TO DEFINE GRUB BUT ACTUALLY=GRUB CUT FOR THE MAIN PART. CUT INTO GRAVELLY SAND.
012AD05465 LAYER SUB-RECTANGULAR
220
140
10
 U-SHAPED LOWER DARKER FILL OF GRUB 5261 IN SPIT 5463. -5% CHALK. OCC.C/COAL.

012AD05308 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05307 POST HOLE FILL SUB-CIRCULAR
43
36
20
 U-SHAPED FILL OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB 5261/2. 10% CHALK. C/COAL FLECKS. NO FINDS.
012AD05308 POST HOLE CUT SUB-CIRCULAR
43
36
20
 WIDE V CUT OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB 5261/2. EVEN CUT WITH SLIGHTLY SLOPING SIDES.

012AD05310 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05309 POST HOLE FILL SUB-CIRCULAR
21
17
17
 U-SHAPED FILL OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB 5261/2. -5% CHALK. C/COAL FLECKS. NO FINDS.
012AD05310 POST HOLE CUT SUB-CIRCULAR
21
17
17
 U-SHAPED CUT OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB 5261/2. VERT. SIDES.

012AD05346 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05345 POST HOLE FILL SUB-CIRCULAR
44
43
66
 U-SHAPED FILL OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB5261/2. POST DRIVEN INTO GROUND AFTER INITIAL PHDUG.5-10% CHALK WITH C/COAL INCLS. P/PIPE DIM.= 18/16/30
012AD05346 POST HOLE CUT SUB-CIRCULAR
44
43
66
 U+SLOT CUT OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB5261/2. POST DRIVEN INTO GROUND AFTER INITIAL PH DUG. P/PIPE DIM.= 18/16/30.

012AD05348 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05347 STAKEHOLE FILL SUB-CIRCULAR
15
15
15
 U-SHAPED FILL OF SH IN BSAE OF GRUB5261/2. NO FINDS. 5% CHALK. NO INCLS.
012AD05348 STAKEHOLE CUT SUB-CIRCULAR
15
15
15
 U-SHAPED CUT OF SH IN BSAE OF GRUB5261/2. SHALLOW WITH VERT. SIDES.

012AD05350 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05349 POST HOLE FILL SUB-CIRCULAR
17
17
28
 U-SHAPED FILL OF PH IN BSAE OF GRUB5261/2. POST APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN DRIVEN INTO THE GROUND WITH NO VISIBLE CUT AROUND PIPE. -5% CHALK. NO FINDS. C/COAL INCLS.
012AD05350 POST HOLE CUT SUB-CIRCULAR
17
17
28
 VERT.SIDE U.BASE CUT OF PH IN BASE OF GRUB5261/2. POST APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN DRIVEN INTO THE GROUND WITH NO VISIBLE CUT AROUND PIPE.

012AD05396 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD05395 POST HOLE FILL ROUND
36
40
52
 U-SHAPED FILL OF PH CUT INTO BASE OF GRUB5261/2. SEALED BY PRIMARY FILL 5393. 5% CHALK. C/COAL INCLS.
012AD05396 POST HOLE CUT ROUND
36
40
52
 VERT.SIDE F.BASE CUT OF PH CUT INTO BASE OF GRUB5261/2. SEALED BY PRIMARY FILL 5393. CUT INTO NATURAL SANDY GRAVEL.

Objects by Context

KEY_ID OBJ PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS No
012AD05245 AD   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE    
1
012AD05245 AE ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD05245 AJ   IRON IRON FRAGMENT    
1
012AD05245 AA   IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD05245 AB   IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD05245 AC   IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD05245 AF 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05245 AG 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05245 AH 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05245 AS ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERD   ANGLIAN III
1
012AD05245 AI   POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05245 AM   STONE PEBBLE    
1
012AD05245 AQ   STONE PEBBLE    
1
012AD05245 AR   STONE PEBBLE    
1
012AD05245 AK   STONE STONE    
1
012AD05245 AL   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05245 AN   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05245 AP   STONE STONE    
1
012AD05245 AO   UNFIRED CLAY UNFIRED CLAY    
3
012AD05261 AD   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE    
1
012AD05261 AF ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD05261 AR ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
3
012AD05261 AT ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD05261 BC ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD05261 AS   IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD05261 AL 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
2
012AD05261 AW 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05261 AX 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05261 AE ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   SAMIAN
1
012AD05261 AU ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   SAMIAN
1
012AD05261 AV ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05261 AH   POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05261 AK   POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05261 AA 670-690 SILVER ALLOY COIN PORC. SCEATTA 670-690
1
012AD05261 AC   STONE STONE   IRONSTONE
1
012AD05261 AI   STONE STONE   IRONSTONE
1
012AD05261 AM   STONE STONE   RED SANDSTONE
1
012AD05261 AO   STONE STONE   SANDSTONE
1
012AD05261 AP   STONE STONE    
1
012AD05261 AQ   STONE STONE FOSSILIFEROUS  
1
012AD05261 AY   STONE STONE    
1
012AD05261 AZ   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05261 BA   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05261 BB   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05261 BD   STONE STONE   RED CHALK
1
012AD05261 AG   UNFIRED CLAY UNFIRED CLAY    
4
012AD05261 AJ   UNFIRED CLAY UNFIRED CLAY    
2
012AD05261 AN   UNFIRED CLAY UNFIRED CLAY    
2
012AD05261 AB ANGLIAN UTILISED STONE LAVA NIEDERMENDIG  
26
012AD05305 AC   IRON IRON OBJECT    
4
012AD05305 AB ?ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05305 AA 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05345 AA   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE    
1
012AD05345 AB 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05463 AB ROMAN/ANGLIAN DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD05463 AG ?ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05463 AH 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05463 AD ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05463 AE ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05463 AF ROMAN POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD05463 AA ROMAN/ANGLIAN SLAG SLAG    
1
012AD05463 AC ROMAN/ANGLIAN WORKED STONE SPINDLE WHORL    
1
012AD05465 AB 4TH CENTURY POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD05465 AA ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERD   ANGLIAN III
1

Animal Bone by Context

 KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
012AD05245 Cattle Femur P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Cattle Mand fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Cattle Pelvis 1 0 0 1 1
012AD05245 Cattle Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Cattle Phalanx 3 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Cattle Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Domestic fowl Humerus P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Domestic fowl Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Domestic goose Radius C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Horse Humerus D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Pig M/C C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Pig M/C P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Pig Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Pig Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep Humerus D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep M/C C 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep M/T P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Calcaneum 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Mand fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Mandible 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Pelvis 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Radius br 1 1 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Tibia br 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Tibia P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Sheep/Goat Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Wild/domestic goose Carpom/c 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Wild/domestic goose Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05245 Wild/domestic goose Tibia P 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05245 Wild/domestic goose Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Calcaneum 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Calcaneum 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Humerus D 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle M/C C 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle M/C D 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle M/podial 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle M/T P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle M/T P 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Phalanx 1 1 0 0 1 0
012AD05261 Cattle Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Radius D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Radius P 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Cattle Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Cattle Scapula 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Scapula 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Cattle Tibia D 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Cattle Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Domestic fowl Coracoid 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Horse Calcaneum 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Horse Patella 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Horse Phalanx 3 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Calcaneum 1 0 0 1 0
012AD05261 Pig Femur D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig M/podial 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Pelvis 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Pig Radius C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Radius C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Scapula 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Skull fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Skull fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Pig Ulna 1 1 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep Horncore 1 0 0 1 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/C P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/T br 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/T C 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/T C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/T C 1 0 0 1 0
012AD05261 Sheep M/T D 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Axis 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Femur D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Mand fr 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Mandible 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Pelvis fr 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Radius br 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Skull fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Tibia br 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05261 Sheep/Goat Tibia fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05261 Wild/domestic goose Humerus D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05305 Cattle Mandible 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05305 Cattle Phalanx 2 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05305 Sheep M/C C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05305 Sheep/Goat Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05305 Sheep/Goat Pelvis fr 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05307 Sheep/Goat Ld4 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05345 Cattle Humerus br 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05345 Sheep Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Cattle Femur D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Cattle Mandible 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Cattle Tibia br 1 1 0 0 0
012AD05463 Domestic fowl Humerus P 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Domestic fowl Radius C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Domestic goose Radius D 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Domestic goose Tarsom/t 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Duck spp. Femur C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Horse Calcaneum 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Horse M/T C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Pig M/T C 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Pig Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Sheep Humerus D 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Sheep Mandible 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat Humerus D 1 0 0 1 1
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat M/C D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat Radius br 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat Radius C 1 0 0 0 1
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat Scapula 1 1 0 0 1
012AD05463 Sheep/Goat Scapula 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05463 Wild/domestic goose Ulna 1 0 0 0 0
012AD05465 Cattle Mandible 1 0 0 0 0