011AB00773

?Grain Dryer

Phasing

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

         
         
         
    011AB00772     
         
011AB00813         
         
011AB00821         
         
         
         
         
    011AB00810     
         
    011AB00820     
         
    011AB00902     
         
    011AB00955     
         
    011AB00903     
         
    011AB00918     
         
    011AB00773     
         
         
     011AB10005    

Discussion

Initially believed to be a pit cutting the enclosure ditch 011AB10005. The feature was cut into natural sand and gravel, and was clearly cut by a later pit (011AB00821) containing an Anglian pot sherd, possibly bossed, with charcoal flecks throughout the fill, which was a dark silty loam (Munsell 10/YR/21). Both features were then sealed by layer 011AB00772, which was a sandy silty loam (Munsell 10/YR/44), with fewer chalk inclusions and a higher density of finds and animal bones than  fill 011AB00810 immediately below.

When the environmental evidence was analysed, this pit stood out from almost all of the other features. As well as having the third highest cereals per litre count (52.58 grains per litre), the feature contained the second highest number of Brassica/Sinapis (357 fragments) of all 113 features examined. The feature which contained the highest concentrations of these samples (012AD00080) has been interpreted as a grain dryer, and it is highly likely that this similarly elongated feature is also a grain dryer. Like the other possible dryer, this feature contained a number of charcoal rich fills near its base, as well as being noticably deeper at one end.

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

CUT FILL VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
011AB00772 15 14
011AB00773 011AB00810 6 6
011AB00820 7 32
011AB00902 4 14
011AB00903 9
011AB00918 2 1
011AB00955 1
CUT FILL VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
011AB00821 011AB00813 3 4

Object Totals by Material

MASTER KEY_ID PERIOD MATERIAL No
011AB00773 011AB00810 PREHISTORIC FLINT 1
  011AB00810 Unassigned FLINT 1
  011AB00810 Unassigned IRON 1
  011AB00810 ANGLIAN POTTERY 1
  011AB00810 Unassigned POTTERY 2
  011AB00820 ANGLIAN DAUB 1
  011AB00820 ROMAN POTTERY 1
  011AB00820 Unassigned POTTERY 1
  011AB00820 Unassigned SNAIL 1
  011AB00820 Unassigned STONE 3
  011AB00902 ROMAN POTTERY 3
  011AB00902 Unassigned STONE 1
  011AB00903 Unassigned CHARCOAL 7
  011AB00903 Unassigned FIRED CLAY 1
  011AB00903 Unassigned STONE 1
  011AB00918 ANGLIAN DAUB 1
  011AB00918 Unassigned FIRED CLAY 1
  011AB00955 ANGLIAN SLAG 1

 
MASTER KEY_ID PERIOD MATERIAL No
011AB00821 011AB00813 ANGLIAN POTTERY 1
  011AB00813 Unassigned STONE 2

 
MASTER KEY_ID PERIOD MATERIAL No
011AB00772 011AB00772 PREHISTORIC FLINT 1
011AB00772 ROMAN POTTERY 1
011AB00772 Unassigned POTTERY 3 
  011AB00772 Unassigned SLAG 2 
011AB00772 Unassigned STONE 9

Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00772 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00772 Cattle 7
Dog 1
Sheep/Goat 6

011AB00810 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00810 Cattle 3
Sheep/Goat 3

011AB00820 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00820 Bird 1
Cattle          9
Dog 1
Goat           1
Horse           1
Pig           1
Sheep           2
Sheep/Goat 16

011AB00902 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00902 Cattle 1
Pig           1
Sheep           1
Sheep/Goat 11

011AB00918 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00918 Sheep/Goat 1

011AB00813 Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AB00813 Sheep/Goat 4

Flotation (Environmental Analysis)

KEY_ID Soil vol/l Wheat Barley Oat Rye NFI cereals Brassica Erica caps Carex TOTAL REMAINS Frag per litre
011AB00903 16   434 30 238 787 278               3 32 1942 121.375
011AB00955 15 7 21   35 78 79               3 11 255 17

Structural Details

011AB00773 and 011AB00821 Sections (simplified interpretation of fills only) and Notes


 
KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
011AB00773 PIT CUT OVATE 324 167 148 ROUND BASED CUT OF LARGE OVATE PIT CUTTING THROUGH INNER ENCLOSURE DITCH .CUT INTO SAND & SANDY GRAVEL NATURAL.PROBABLY ROMAN IN DATE FROM FURNACE DEBRIS .
011AB00810 PIT FILL SQUARE 285 166 15 FLAT DARK SANDY FILL SMOOTH TEXTURE. V LITTLE INCLUSIONS. POTTERY ANIMAL BONES & IRON OBJECT. A LOT OF IMPORTED STONE. BURROWED?
011AB00820 PIT FILL AMORPHOUS 285 166 38 FLAT MORE RED SANDY SILTY LAYER IN PIT. MORE STONY UP TO 10% INCLUSIONS. QUITE A LOT OF FINDS ALMOST ALL ANIMAL BONE. INCLUSIONS INCREASE WITH DEPTH. 
011AB00902 PIT FILL AMORPHOUS 134 122 48 FLAT DARK SANDY LOAM WITH MODERATE AMOUNTS OF INCLUSIONS IN FILL. MOSTLY GRAVEL. SPARSE FINDS. SOME SLUMPAGE IN FILL. ABOVE ASH/BURNT LAYERS(903/955)
011AB00903 PIT FILL AMORPHOUS 146 132 54 IRREGULAR DEEP DEPOSIT OF BURNT SAND ASH & CHARCOAL IN LAYERS AT BASE OF PIT(c773). SLUMPAGE WITHIN MATERIAL. POSSIBLY FURNACE CLEANING. BURNT WOOD SURVIVING.
011AB00918 PIT FILL AMORPHOUS 354 24 104 IRREGULAR SLUMPAGE OF SAND & SANDY GRAVEL NATURAL ON EDGES OF PIT(c773). SLUMPAGE MATERIAL NOTED IN LOWER FILLS. REMOVED FROM NS & W SIDES. BONE FOUND IN FILL.
011AB00955 PIT FILL AMORPHOUS 101 92 8 FLAT LAYER OF FINE ASH & CHARCOAL ON EASTERN SIDE OF PIT. SOME LOAMY SAND MIXED WITH ASH DIFFERENT FROM 903. QUITE THIN LAYER. REMOVED AS FLOT SAMPLE.
KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
011AB00821 PIT CUT SUB-RECTANGULAR 85 34 36 UNDULATING CUT OF PIT SECTIONED:EAST SIDE REMOVED. CUT INTO LOAMY SAND & PEAGRIT. UNDULATING. PROBABLY BURROWED BASE. CUT INTO PIT FILLS 810 & 820.
011AB00813 PIT FILL SUB-RECTANGULAR 85 34 36 UNDULATING PRIMARY FILL OF PIT LOCATED BELOW INNER ENCLOSURE DITCH CLEANING LAYERS IN SW 11AB. AREAS OF BURNING & SANDY GRAVEL IN FILL.5% INCLUSIONS.FEW FINDS.

 
KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
011AB00772 LAYER AMORPHOUS 324 167 9 FLAT LAYER/FILL OF PIT LOCATED IN SW11AB. REVEALED BELOW 771. DARK GREY COLOUR WITH SAND/SILTY FILL. FEW INCLUSIONS. A LOT OF BONE

Objects by Context

KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS No
011AB00772 AM PREHISTORIC FLINT BLADE     1
011AB00772 AI ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH 1
011AB00772 AA Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00772 AC Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00772 AK Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00772 AH ANGLIAN SLAG SLAG   IRON SLAG 1
011AB00772 AB Unassigned STONE STONE   CHALK 1
011AB00772 AD Unassigned STONE STONE   LIMESTONE 1
011AB00772 AE Unassigned STONE STONE   RED SANDSTONE 1
011AB00772 AF Unassigned STONE STONE   RED SANDSTONE 1
011AB00772 AG Unassigned STONE PEBBLE     1
011AB00772 AJ Unassigned STONE STONE BLOCK   SANDSTONE 1
011AB00772 AL Unassigned STONE STONE     1
011AB00772 AN Unassigned STONE STONE   RED CHALK 1
011AB00772 AO Unassigned STONE STONE     1
011AB00810 AA PREHISTORIC FLINT BLADE     1
011AB00810 AE Unassigned FLINT BURNT FLINT     1
011AB00810 AB Unassigned IRON IRON PIN DOUBLE POINTED   1
011AB00810 AC ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERD   ANGLIAN II 1
011AB00810 AD Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00810 AF Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00820 AA ANGLIAN DAUB BURNT DAUB     2
011AB00820 AD ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH 1
011AB00820 AG Unassigned POTTERY SHERD     1
011AB00820 AF Unassigned SNAIL SNAIL SAMPLE     1
011AB00820 AB Unassigned STONE STONE     1
011AB00820 AC Unassigned STONE STONE   RED CHALK 1
011AB00820 AE Unassigned STONE STONE     1
011AB00902 AA ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH 1
011AB00902 AC ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH 1
011AB00902 AD ROMAN POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH 1
011AB00902 AB Unassigned STONE STONE   SANDSTONE 1
011AB00903 AB Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE     1
011AB00903 AC Unassigned CHARCOAL TWIG CARBONIZED   1
011AB00903 AD Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1
011AB00903 AE Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1
011AB00903 AF Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1
011AB00903 AG Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1
011AB00903 AH Unassigned CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1
011AB00903 AA Unassigned FIRED CLAY FIRED CLAY     10
011AB00903 AI Unassigned STONE STONE   SANDSTONE 1
011AB00918 AB ANGLIAN DAUB BURNT DAUB     4
011AB00918 AA Unassigned FIRED CLAY FIRED CLAY?     1
011AB00955 AA ANGLIAN SLAG SLAG FRAGMENTS     6

 
KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS No
011AB00813 AB ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERD BOSSED? ANGLIAN V 1
011AB00813 AA Unassigned STONE STONE     1
011AB00813 AC Unassigned STONE BURNT CHALK   CHALK 3

Animal Bone by Context

KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
011AB00772 CATTLE Calcaneum 1 1 0 1 0
011AB00772 CATTLE M/T P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00772 CATTLE Mand fr 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00772 CATTLE Mand fr 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00772 CATTLE Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00772 CATTLE Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00772 CATTLE Ulna 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00772 DOG M/C C 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT Calcaneum 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT M/C br 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT M/C C 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT M/C P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00772 SHEEP/GOAT Tibia D 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00810 CATTLE Astragalus 1 0 0 1 0
011AB00810 CATTLE Axis 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00810 CATTLE Tibia P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00810 SHEEP/GOAT M/C D 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00810 SHEEP/GOAT M/podial 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00810 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00810 SHEEP/GOAT Pelvis 1 1 0 1 1
011AB00820 BIRD Humerus C 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE Femur D 1 1 0 0 1
011AB00820 CATTLE Femur P 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE Humerus D 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE M/C D 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE M/T D 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE M/T P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE Mand fr 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE Radius C 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 CATTLE Skull fr 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 DOG M/C C 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 GOAT Horncore 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 HORSE Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 PIG Radius P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP Horncore 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP Horncore 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Atlas 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Humerus C 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Humerus D 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Humerus D 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT M/C br 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Mand fr 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 1 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Radius P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Radius P 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Radius P 1 1 0 0 1
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Scapula 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00820 SHEEP/GOAT Scapula 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00902 CATTLE Humerus D 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00902 PIG LM3 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00902 SHEEP Horncore 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Humerus D 1 0 0 1 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT M/T br 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Mand fr 1 0 0 1 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Mandible 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Pelvis 1 0 0 0 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Pelvis 1 1 0 0 1
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Pelvis 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Scapula 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00902 SHEEP/GOAT Tibia P 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00918 SHEEP/GOAT Femur P 1 1 0 0 1

 
KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
011AB00813 SHEEP/GOAT Humerus D 1 1 0 0 0
011AB00813 SHEEP/GOAT LM3 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00813 SHEEP/GOAT Hyoid 1 0 0 0 0
011AB00813 SHEEP/GOAT Scapula 1 0 0 0 1