West Heslerton: Anglian Settlement: Structural Catalogue

011AA00042

Grubenhaus and Oven (011BF00572)

Grubenhaus Details
Length	376	Width	265	Depth	66	Ratio	1.4:1
Area	8.35 sq. m	Volume
Number of Posts	2
Highest Elevation Value	5688
Lowest Elevation Value	5642
Bearing	71 degrees
Structural Class
Material Culture	Number of Objects	78	Number of Animal Bones			94
Environmental

Phasing

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

Discussion

A small Grubenhaus in the south of area 11AA, immediately to the west of larger structure 011AA00070. This structure pre-dated an oven (master 011BF00572) constructed of pink chalk that was erected in the base of the hollow. The structures were excavated in two consecutive years and issued with different context numbers accordingly (11AA numbers in 1990 and 11BF numbers in 1991). The dimensions in the structural table refer to the Grubenhaus structure and not to the oven.
Two opposing post holes are probably associated with the Grubenhaus structure (011AA00290 in the east and the southerly of a group of three post holes in the west, not issued with a context number during excavation). Two further post holes were recovered, one of which (011AA00579) was partially sealed by the oven structure and is probably also associated with the Grubenhaus. Post hole 011AA00118 in the north/west quadrant is likely to have been associated with the oven structure.
A layer of re-deposited chalk natural (011BF00580) was deposited on the base of the Grubenhaus hollow to even out the surface in preparation for the oven structure. The oval oven was constructed of local pink chalk (011AA00062 and 011BF00573), the roof of which has collapsed. A layer of patchy charcoal (011BF00574) 5-7mm thick was present under the collapsed oven and included some carbonised twigs. The flue of the oven (011BF00577), sealed by the charcoal layer, was present on the east side and contained a bone pin.

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

MASTER	CUT	FILLS	VOLUME	OBJECTS	AN BONE	DENSITY
011AA00042
GRUBENHAUS	011AA00041
	= 011BF00575			1
		011AA00040		37	57
		011AA00043		14	14
		011AA00060		13	12
		011AA00062		2
		011AA00071			2
		011AA00074		9	9
		011AA00075
	011AA00118	011AA00117
	011AA00290	011AA00289

011BF00572		011BF00573
OVEN		011BF00574		1
		011BF00580
	011BF00577	011BF00576		1
	011BF00579	011BF00578

Object Totals by Material

011AA00040 Object Totals by Material

011AA00040	Bronze	2
	Charcoal	2
	Daub	1
	Fired Clay	1
	Glass	1
	Iron	2
	Mineral	1
	Pottery	14	of which	Early Saxon	3	Iron Age	1	Medieval	1	No Entry	6	Prehistoric	1	Roman	2
	Slag	1
	Stone	12

011AA00043 Object Totals by Material

011AA00043	Bronze	1
	Fired Clay	2
	Flint	1
	Iron	2
	Pottery	3	of which	No Entry	1	Roman	2
	Slag	2
	Stone	1
	Unfired Clay	2

011AA00060 Object Totals by Material

011AA00060	Daub	1
	Flint	1
	Iron	2
	Pottery	5	of which	No Entry	2	Roman	3
	Snail	1
	Stone	3

011AA00062 Object Totals by Material

011AA00062

Daub

011AA00074 Object Totals by Material

011AA00074	Charcoal	3
	Pottery	1
	Unfired Clay	5

011BF00573 Object Totals by Material

011BF00573

Daub

011BF00575 Object Totals by Material

011BF00575

Worked Bone

011BF00576 Object Totals by Material

011BF00576

Burnt Clay

Animal Bone Totals by Species

011AA00040 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
011AA00040	Cat	2
	Cattle	24
	Pig	1
	Sheep/Goat	29
	Water vole	1

011AA00043 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
011AA00043	Amphibian spp.	1
	Cattle	7
	Horse	1
	Sheep/Goat	5

011AA00060 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
011AA00060	Cattle	5
	Domestic goose	1
	Horse	2
	Pig	1
	Sheep/Goat	3

011AA00071 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
011AA00071	Domestic fowl	1
	Sheep/Goat	1

011AA00074 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
011AA00074	Cattle	2
	Domestic goose	1
	Pig	2
	Sheep/Goat	2
	Wild/domestic goose	2

Structural Details

011AA00041 Section and Notes

011AA00041 North Facing Section

011AA00041 East Facing Section

011AA00041 South Facing Section

011AA00041 West Facing Section

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011AA00040	GRUB FILL	SUB-RECTANGULAR	350	250	42	FLAT	UPPER FILL OF GRUB M42. WHITE CHALK INCLUSIONS UPTO 10CM LONG AND 50%: BUT VARIES. DEEPER IN S.E. AND N.E. QUADS. SIMILAR TO NATURAL AROND GRUB.
011AA00041	GRUB CUT	SUB-RECTANGULAR	363	262	66	STEPPED U	CUT OF S-W GRUB IN EASTERN GROUP. DECAYED/ HEATED CHALK AND ARGE CHALK FRAGMENT. CONTAINS OVEN. N. SIDE STEPED DEEPER THAN S..
011AA00043	GRUB FILL	COMPLEX	157	215	30	FLAT	SILTY FILL IN N.W. AND S.W. QUADS. CONTAINED MORE FINDS THAN 25 AT SAME LEVEL AND FEW CHALK INCLUSIONS: LESS THAN 10% AND UNDER 4CM LONG.
011AA00060	GRUB FILL	COMPLEX	257	180	22	FLAT	FILL CONTAINS WHITE CHALK FRAGMENTS UPTO 50%AND LESS THAN 1OCM LONG. SURROUNDS AND BELOW 43. LIKELY TO BE CONECTED WITH 40 TO EAST: BUT MORE CHALK
011AA00071	GRUB FILL	SUB-RECTANGULAR	125	58	7	FLAT	LOWR FIL OF S.E. QUAD OF GRUB M40.LOOSE SANDY FILL WITH c.10%GRAVEL. SOME PINK MATERIAL RELATED TO 62? CHAR COAL ALSO PRESENT.
011AA00074	GRUB FILL	SUB-RECTANGULAR	140	78	19	FLAT	GRUB FILL
011AA00075	GRUB FILL	SUB-RECTANGULAR	93	40	25	FLAT	FEW CHALK INCLUSIONS LESS THAN 20% AND UPTO5CM LONG. FLECKS OF CHALK AND A LITTLE GRAVEL. MAY CONNECT WITH 74. N.W. QUAD ONLY?

011AA00118 Notes

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011AA00117	POST HOLE FILL	ROUND	18	16	11	FLAT	POSS PH N-W SIDE OF GRUB M41. ASSOSIATED WITH GRUB OR OVEN? FILL CONTAINED LITTLE: SUGGESTS THAT FEATURE MAY BE NATURAL.
011AA00118	POST HOLE CUT	ROUND	18	16	11	STEPPED U	SMALL PH OR STAKE HOLE IN N-W SIDE OF GRUB M42. MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH OVEN. CUT INTO ROUNDED CHALK FRAGMENT AND DECAYED CHALK. MAY BE NATURAL.

011AA00290 Notes

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011AA00289	POST HOLE FILL	SQUARE	20	20	20	FLAT BASED U	P/H CUTTING E EDGE OF GRUB M42 (CUT 41). EDGES APPEAR TO HAVE FALLEN IN SLIGHTLY BEFORE SEDIMENTATION. COMPACT SANDY LOAM FILL WITH FINDS OF BONE.
011AA00290	POST HOLE CUT	SQUARE	20	20	20	FLAT BASED U	P/H CUTTING E EDGE OF GRUB M42 (CUT 41). CUT INTO CHALK FRAGMENTS AND DECAYED/BURNT CHALK.EDGES APPEAR TO HAVE FALLEN IN SLIGHTLY BEFORE SEDIMENTATION

011BF00572 Section and Notes

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011AA00062	LAYER	COMPLEX	180	120	20	UNDULATING	BURNT PINK CHALK/CLAY HEARTH MATERIAL IN S.W N.W.AND POSS S.E. QUADS. SMOUTH UNDULATIG SURFACE. EXCAVATION SHOWS IT TO BE A OVEN.
011BF00573	LAYER	SUB-RECTANGULAR	187	150	22	IRREGULAR	COL. ROOF OF OVEN STRUCTURE M572. EQUAL TO 11AA62. CRUMBLY SOFT PINK/ORANGE CHALK UP TO 3CM SIZE. CONTAINED CHARCOAL BUT NO OTHER FINDS. AN. BURROWED.
011BF00574	LAYER	SUB-CIRCULAR	126	100	1	FLAT	CHARCOAL LAYER DIRECTLY BENEATH CHALK 573. 5-7MM THICK. LAYER DISTURBED ESP. AT E END. INCLUDED CARBONISED TWIGS. PATCHY PROB. DUE TO ANIMAL ACTION.
011BF00575	GRUB CUT	SUB-RECTANGULAR	312	212		U+SLOT	CHALK NATURAL BENEATH OVEN M572. DIRECTLY BENEATH CHARCOAL LAYER 574. SM. AREA OF REDEP. NAT. AT N END GIVEN CXT NO. 580.
011BF00580	REDEP. NATURAL	AMORPHOUS	140	40	18		REDEPOSITED NATURAL AND SOIL BENEATH OVEN M572. PROB. TO EST. EVEN BASE FOR OVEN. CONTAINS LGE CHALK INCLUSIONS UP TO 15CM AND CHARCOAL INCLUSIONS.

011BF00577 Section and Notes

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011BF00576	UNDEF FILL	OVATE	48	34	10	U SHAPED	FILL OF POSS. FLUE FOR OVEN M572. CONTAINED CHARCOAL INCLUSIONS. ALSO CONTAINED SMALL BONE PIN AND TWO BONE FRAGS.
011BF00577	UNDEF CUT	OVATE	48	34	10	U SHAPED	CUT OF POSS. FLUE FOR OVEN M572. CUT INTO CHALK NATURAL IN BASE OF GRUB M42 (CUT 11AA41).

011BF00579 Notes

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
011BF00578	POST HOLE FILL	RECTANGULAR	20	15	25	NARROW U	FILL OF POST HOLE. CONTAINED CHARCOAL INCLUSIONS. PARTIALLY SEALED BY W END OF OVEN STRUCTURE M572.
011BF00579	POST HOLE CUT	RECTANGULAR	20	15	25	NARROW U	CUT OF POST HOLE. CUT INTO CHALK NATURAL AT W END OF GRUB M42 (CUT 11AA41). MIDDLE OF THREE POST HOLES.

Objects by Context

KEY_ID	OBJ	PERIOD	MATERIAL	TYPE	SUB_TYPE	CLASS	No
011AA00040	AA	EARLY SAXON	BRONZE	C/A FRAGMENT		?SCRAP BRONZE	1
011AA00040	AH	EARLY SAXON	BRONZE	C/A PIN FRAG			1
011AA00040	AF		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1
011AA00040	AL		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1
011AA00040	BJ	EARLY SAXON	DAUB	BURNT DAUB			2
011AA00040	BK	POST MEDIEVAL	FIRED CLAY	FIRED CLAY			1
011AA00040	AW	EARLY SAXON	GLASS	GLASS BEAD	ANNULAR	A1a	1
011AA00040	AB		IRON	IRON OBJECT			1
011AA00040	BD		IRON	IRON NAIL			1
011AA00040	BH	GEOLOGICAL	MINERAL	FOSSIL	BELEMNITE		1
011AA00040	AD	EARLY SAXON	POTTERY	SHERD		?ANGLIAN III	1
011AA00040	BB	EARLY SAXON	POTTERY	SHERD		ANGLIAN III	1
011AA00040	BI	EARLY SAXON	POTTERY	SHERD		?ANGLIAN III	1
011AA00040	AU	IRON AGE	POTTERY	SHERD		FTW	1
011AA00040	AJ	MEDIEVAL	POTTERY	SHERD	GREEN GLAZED	MED	1
011AA00040	BE	PREHISTORIC	POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AI	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		GREY WARE	1
011AA00040	BC	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		R-B	1
011AA00040	AK		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AP		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AS		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AT		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AX		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AZ		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00040	AR		SLAG	SLAG FRAGMENTS		IRON SLAG	2
011AA00040	AV	GEOLOGICAL	STONE	FOSSIL	BELEMNITE		1
011AA00040	AC		STONE	?COKE FRAGMENTS			2
011AA00040	AE		STONE	CINDER			1
011AA00040	AG		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	AM		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	AN		STONE	NATURAL IRON			1
011AA00040	AO		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	AQ		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	AY		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	BA		STONE	PEBBLE			1
011AA00040	BF		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00040	BG		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00043	AB	EARLY SAXON	BRONZE	C/A FRAGMENT	PERFORATED		1
011AA00043	AK	EARLY SAXON	FIRED CLAY	LOOMWEIGHT	FIRED CLAY		1
011AA00043	AD	POST MEDIEVAL	FIRED CLAY	BRICK/TILE			1
011AA00043	AH	PREHISTORIC	FLINT	FLAKE	CORE REJUV		1
011AA00043	AA		IRON	IRON NAIL			1
011AA00043	AF		IRON	IRON OBJECT			1
011AA00043	AC	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		?R-B	1
011AA00043	AN	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		R-B	1
011AA00043	AE		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00043	AG		SLAG	SLAG FRAGMENT		IRON SLAG	1
011AA00043	AI		SLAG	SLAG FRAGMENT		IRON SLAG	1
011AA00043	AL		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00043	AJ	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY			1
011AA00043	AM	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY			10
011AA00060	AM	EARLY SAXON	DAUB	BURNT DAUB			1
011AA00060	AG	PREHISTORIC	FLINT	SCRAPER			1
011AA00060	AA		IRON	IRON FRAGMENT			1
011AA00060	AJ		IRON	IRON FRAGMENTS	STUD		4
011AA00060	AE	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		?R-B	1
011AA00060	AH	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		R-B	1
011AA00060	AL	ROMAN	POTTERY	SHERD		R-B	1
011AA00060	AD		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00060	AI		POTTERY	SHERD			1
011AA00060	AK		SNAIL	SNAIL FRAGMENT			1
011AA00060	AB		STONE	STONE		RED CHALK	7
011AA00060	AC		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00060	AF		STONE	STONE			1
011AA00062	AA	EARLY SAXON	DAUB	BURNT DAUB			10
011AA00062	AB	EARLY SAXON	DAUB	BURNT DAUB			8
011AA00074	AB		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1
011AA00074	AC		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1
011AA00074	AD		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1
011AA00074	AI	EARLY SAXON	POTTERY	SHERD		?ANGLIAN	1
011AA00074	AA	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY	?LOOMWEIGHT		1
011AA00074	AE	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY			4
011AA00074	AF	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY	?LOOMWEIGHT		10
011AA00074	AG	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY			13
011AA00074	AH	EARLY SAXON	UNFIRED CLAY	UNFIRED CLAY			16
011BF00573	AA	EARLY SAXON	DAUB	DAUB			30
011BF00575	AA	EARLY SAXON	WORKED BONE	BONE PIN	ROUND HEADED		1
011BF00576	AA	No Entry	BURNT CLAY	?BURNT CLAY			2

Animal Bone by Context

KEY_ID	SPECIES	ELEMENT	QUANT	CHEW	BURN	BUTCH	FBRK
011AA00040	Cat	Skull fr	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cat	Skull fr	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Astragalus	1	0	0	1	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Atlas	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Calcaneum	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Calcaneum	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Femur D	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Horncore	1	0	0	1	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Humerus D	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Humerus P	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Ld4	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Mand fr	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	N.Cuboid	1	0	0	1	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Phalanx 1	2	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Phalanx 2	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Phalanx 2	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Phalanx 3	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Phalanx 3	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Radius br	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Radius br	1	1	1	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Radius C	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Tibia br	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Cattle	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Cattle	Ulna	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Pig	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Astragalus	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Astragalus	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Calcaneum	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Femur br	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Femur br	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Humerus D	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Ld4	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	LM3	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	M/T D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	M/T P	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	M/T P	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Mandible	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Mandible	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	N.Cuboid	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	N.Cuboid	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Pelvis	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Pelvis	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Pelvis	2	0	0	0	2
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Radius br	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Radius C	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Scapula	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia br	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia br	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia br	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00040	Sheep/Goat	Ulna	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00040	Water vole	Mandible	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00043	Amphibian spp.	Other	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00043	Cattle	Calcaneum	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00043	Cattle	Horncore	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Cattle	Horncore	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Cattle	M/T P	1	0	0	1	0
011AA00043	Cattle	Occiput	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Cattle	Pelvis	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Cattle	Scapula	1	1	0	1	0
011AA00043	Horse	M/T C	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00043	Sheep/Goat	Femur br	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Sheep/Goat	M/T P	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Sheep/Goat	Mandible	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Sheep/Goat	Skull fr	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00043	Sheep/Goat	Tibia C	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00060	Cattle	Calcaneum	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00060	Cattle	Femur br	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00060	Cattle	Horncore	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00060	Cattle	Horncore	1	1	0	0	1
011AA00060	Cattle	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00060	Domestic goose	Radius D	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00060	Horse	M/C C	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00060	Horse	Phalanx 2	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00060	Pig	Atlas	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00060	Sheep/Goat	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00060	Sheep/Goat	Radius P	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00060	Sheep/Goat	Tibia br	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00071	Domestic fowl	Radius C	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00071	Sheep/Goat	Mandible	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00074	Cattle	Atlas	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00074	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00074	Domestic goose	Ulna	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00074	Pig	Femur P	1	0	0	0	0
011AA00074	Pig	Scapula	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00074	Sheep/Goat	Radius br	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00074	Sheep/Goat	Ulna	1	1	0	0	0
011AA00074	Wild/domestic goose	Radius D	1	0	0	0	1
011AA00074	Wild/domestic goose	Radius P	1	0	0	0	1